Kinds of Inconsistency∗†
نویسنده
چکیده
Typically paraconsistency is motivated by one of two types of arguments: either an ontological argument is given whereby it is claimed that inconsistent objects or events of some kind demand a logic able to reason about such items, or an epistemological argument is provided that denies that language or the world is infected with inconsistency but claims instead that the problem is all in a reasoning agent’s head. Approaches to designing paraconsistent logics have thus far tended to heed this distinction. Stronger, dialetheic logics are called on to handle contradictory objects or events in a manner that does not trivialize inference, while these logics are out of favor with epistemological approaches which favor preserving as much of classical logic as possible. This latter approach is typically viewed as one of introducing a set of techniques for how to manipulate an agent’s inconsistent yet rational corpus to preserve a familiar form of logical consequence. This essay argues against the practice of linking epistemological concerns with weak paraconsistent logics. It introduces an epistemological motivation for adopting a strong paraconsistent logic by considering the results of measuring physical objects and how we might go about reasoning with these results. Measurement behaves in a way as to be a source of inconsistency that is neither best understood as a problem between agents nor the result of either a paradoxical property of language or the world.
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